Up, down, to the left and to the right…. – the servo hydraulic testing machine HB 100 of Zwick in Ulm considers all possibilities and performs both tensile/compression and torsion tests on helical ...

Loosening up specs can boost spring precision. Spring rate remains about linear (Hooke's Law) until gradual coil dampening and loss boost rate. Make free length a reference dimension so spring makers ...

Helical coil springs are a mainstay in today’s automotive suspensions, with a basic design essentially unchanged since their advent. MW Industries (Rosemont, IL, US) is the largest US spring ...

Machined springs provide linear deflection rates and, unlike traditional wire wound springs, virtually all residual stresses are absent. There are no internal stresses to overcome before deflection ...