Directional-control valves are common in pneumatic systems. They control compressed-air flow to cylinders, rotary actuators, grippers, and other mechanisms in packaging, handling, assembly, and ...

A typical commercial vehicle air braking system requires, at minimum, around a dozen core pneumatic valves to meet baseline regulatory standards. And these days, there’s no “typical” air brake system ...

Piezo elements are electromechanical transducers that convert mechanical forces (pressure, tensile stress or acceleration) into voltages. The inverse piezoelectric effect, precisely the opposite, ...